Regulation of Sleep and Wakefulness: Difference between revisions
From Polyphasic Sleep Wiki
>Mainländr w |
>Mainländr -Role of GABA and Acetylcholine in combination needs to be elaborated on, -cool model needs to be added, -sources etc |
||
| (10 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown) | |||
| Line 2: | Line 2: | ||
==Physiology== | ==Physiology== | ||
The underlying physiology of sleep and wakefulness is complex. Different Neurons and Neurotransmitters promote different states of sleep and wakefulness. They are therefore categorised based on state-specific [[Discharge Patterns|discharge patterns]] and/or [[Transmitter Release|transmitter release]] and other neurobiological classifications. | The underlying physiology of sleep and wakefulness is complex. Different [[Neurons]] and [[Neurotransmitters]] promote different states of sleep and wakefulness. They are therefore categorised based on state-specific [[Discharge Patterns|discharge patterns]] and/or [[Transmitter Release|transmitter release]] and other [[neurobiological classifications]]. | ||
===State-specific discharge patterns=== | ===State-specific discharge patterns=== | ||
Neurons are classifiable based on their discharge-pattern. During each behavioral state, there are neurons that fire at a higher rate as others. More specifically: | Neurons are classifiable based on their [[discharge-pattern]]. During each behavioral state, there are [[neurons]] that fire at a higher rate as others. More specifically: | ||
*Wake-On (/REM-Off) | *Wake-On (/REM-Off) | ||
| Line 13: | Line 13: | ||
===State-specific transmitter secretion=== | ===State-specific transmitter secretion=== | ||
In neurobiology, neurons are also classified by their state-specific transmitter release. | In neurobiology, neurons are also classified by their [[state-specific transmitter release]]. | ||
| Line 47: | Line 47: | ||
====Two-process model of sleep==== | ====Two-process model of sleep==== | ||
The | [[File:Two-process model of sleep graph.png|thumb|alt=|Graph of activity level of sleep processes over the course of a day. <br>Source: Natalia T., Megan H. H., Paige F., Victoria B. (2017). A Two-Process Model for Circadian and Sleep-dependent Modulation of Pain Sensitivity doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/09831]] | ||
The two-process model of sleep is a conceptual model that aims to relate the behavioral state regulation to two main procedures. Process-S describes the increasing homeostatic pressure, the more time spent awake ([[Adenosine-alertness hypothesis]]) and deacreses during time spent asleep . Process C describes the ~24h circadian framework in which sleep can occur. | |||
==== | ===== Equations ===== | ||
S(t) | |||
S(t) | |||
Ct) | |||
Advantages: | |||
* Good at explaining the basic phenomena of sleep and wakefulness | |||
* Physiological basis for Process S is likely ([[Adenosine-alertness hypothesis]]) | |||
Disadvantages: | |||
* No physiological basis for Process C and interaction of Process S & C | |||
* Does not include [[circadian pacemarkers]] and different [[sleep stages]] | |||
