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From Polyphasic Sleep Wiki
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| ==Physiology== | | ==Physiology== |
− | The underlying physiology of sleep and wakefulness is complex. Different Neurons and Neurotransmitters promote different states of sleep and wakefulness. They are therefore categorised based on state-specific [[Discharge Patterns|discharge patterns]] and/or [[Transmitter Release|transmitter release]] and other neurobiological classifications. | + | The underlying physiology of sleep and wakefulness is complex. Different [[Neurons]] and [[Neurotransmitters]] promote different states of sleep and wakefulness. They are therefore categorised based on state-specific [[Discharge Patterns|discharge patterns]] and/or [[Transmitter Release|transmitter release]] and other [[neurobiological classifications]]. |
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| ===State-specific discharge patterns=== | | ===State-specific discharge patterns=== |
− | Neurons are classifiable based on their discharge-pattern. During each behavioral state, there are neurons that fire at a higher rate as others. More specifically: | + | Neurons are classifiable based on their [[discharge-pattern]]. During each behavioral state, there are [[neurons]] that fire at a higher rate as others. More specifically: |
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| *Wake-On (/REM-Off) | | *Wake-On (/REM-Off) |
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| ===State-specific transmitter secretion=== | | ===State-specific transmitter secretion=== |
− | In neurobiology, neurons are also classified by their state-specific transmitter release. | + | In neurobiology, neurons are also classified by their [[state-specific transmitter release]]. |
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| ====Two-process model of sleep==== | | ====Two-process model of sleep==== |
− | The two-process model of sleep is a conceptual model that aims to relate the behavioral state regulation to two main procedures. Process-S describes the increasing homeostatic pressure, the more time spent awake (Adenosine-alertness hypothesis link) and deacreses during time spent asleep . Process C describes the ~24h circadian framework in which sleep can occur. | + | [[File:Two-process model of sleep graph.png|thumb|alt=|Graph of activity level of sleep processes over the course of a day. <br>Source: Natalia T., Megan H. H., Paige F., Victoria B. (2017). A Two-Process Model for Circadian and Sleep-dependent Modulation of Pain Sensitivity doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/09831]] |
− | [[File:Two-process model of sleep graph.png|thumb]]
| + | The two-process model of sleep is a conceptual model that aims to relate the behavioral state regulation to two main procedures. Process-S describes the increasing homeostatic pressure, the more time spent awake ([[Adenosine-alertness hypothesis]]) and deacreses during time spent asleep . Process C describes the ~24h circadian framework in which sleep can occur. |
− | ====Model1====
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− | ====Model2==== | + | ===== Equations ===== |
| + | S(t) |
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− | ====Model3====
| + | S(t) |
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| + | Ct) |
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| + | Advantages: |
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| + | * Good at explaining the basic phenomena of sleep and wakefulness |
| + | * Physiological basis for Process S is likely ([[Adenosine-alertness hypothesis]]) |
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| + | Disadvantages: |
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| + | * No physiological basis for Process C and interaction of Process S & C |
| + | * Does not include [[circadian pacemarkers]] and different [[sleep stages]] |