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From Polyphasic Sleep Wiki
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| | 昼夜节律（Circadian rhythm）是体内的生物时钟，主要通过曝光和食物摄入等因素与当地的太阳时保持一致。它在一天中持续带动荷尔蒙变化，对身体产生影响。昼夜节律其中一个主要影响是[[Wikipedia:Melatonin|褪黑素]]（melatonin）的分泌。它的存在对进入SWS至关重要，同时对REM的出现时间也会产生影响。 | | 昼夜节律（Circadian rhythm）是体内的生物时钟，主要通过曝光和食物摄入等因素与当地的太阳时保持一致。它在一天中持续带动荷尔蒙变化，对身体产生影响。昼夜节律其中一个主要影响是[[Wikipedia:Melatonin|褪黑素]]（melatonin）的分泌。它的存在对进入SWS至关重要，同时对REM的出现时间也会产生影响。 |
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| + | 日落之后，当光照水平降低时，身体会开始分泌褪黑激素以促进睡眠。入夜时褪黑激素水平的上升让身体能在最初几个睡眠周期中获得SWS。相反，随着褪黑激素水平在早晨下降，REM就会成为被优先的睡眠阶段。 |
| − | After sunset when light levels reduce, the body starts to secrete melatonin to promote sleep. The rising levels of melatonin early in the night allows the body to gain SWS in the first few sleep cycles. In contrast, as melatonin levels drops in the morning, REM becomes the preferred sleep phase to be gained.
| + | [[File:Melanopic.png|thumb|黑视蛋白敏感度函数]] |
| − | [[File:Melanopic.png|thumb|Melanopic sensitivity function]] | + | 在现代，随着人工照明的出现，许多人的昼夜节律被推前了（即更晚）。然而，这种对人工照明的暴露也损害了人们有效获得SWS的能力。光对昼夜节律的影响程度由黑视蛋白敏感度函数（melanopic light sensitivity function）断定，该函数在480nm前后（蓝色）达到峰值，并在两侧下降。为了减少这种影响，睡眠者有必须采用一个[[Special:MyLanguage/dark period|暗期]]，在此期间，蓝色和绿色的光不能进入眼睛。这可以通过使用[[Special:MyLanguage/red goggles|红色护目镜]]或[[Special:MyLanguage/screen filters|荧幕过滤器]]等多种方式实现。 |
| − | In modern times with the advent of artificial light, many people's circadian rhythms have been pushed forward (i.e. later). However, this exposure to artificial light sources also compromises people's ability to gain SWS efficiently. The extent to which light influences the circadian rhythm is given by the melanopic light sensitivity function, which peaks at ~480nm (blue) and drops off on both sides. To reduce this effect, a [[Special:MyLanguage/dark period|dark period]] must be employed, during which blue and green lights must not enter the eye. This can be done in many ways, such as with [[Special:MyLanguage/red goggles|red goggles]] or [[Special:MyLanguage/screen filters|screen filters]].
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| + | 为了保持昼夜节律的稳定性，所有多相睡眠时程的主段或暗期时间都不能有太大的变化，必须每天保持相对的一致性。因此，非24小时周期的时程是不可持续的，更是不健康的。这方面的例子包括周期超过24小时（不断推迟睡眠阶段），或是每天采用完全不同的睡眠时程。 |
| − | To maintain the stability of the circadian rhythm, all polyphasic sleep schedules must stay relatively consistent day-to-day, without large changes in core or dark period timings. As such, schedules that are not aligned with the 24-hour day are unsustainable and unhealthy. Examples of which includes cycles longer than 24 hours (delaying sleep phases continually) or employing drastically different sleep schedules on a day-to-day basis.
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