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Siesta is a [[Special:MyLanguage/biphasic|biphasic]] schedule<ref>[https://www.polyphasic.net/schedules/biphasic/ polyphasic.net]. Retrieved 20-11-2020.</ref>, which consists of a longer [[Special:MyLanguage/Cores|core]] at night and a shorter core during the day.

Siesta is a [[Special:MyLanguage/biphasic|biphasic]] schedule<ref>[https://www.polyphasic.net/schedules/biphasic/ polyphasic.net]. Retrieved 20-11-2020.</ref>, which consists of a longer [[Special:MyLanguage/Cores|core]] at night and a shorter core during the day.

== Origin == <!--T:2-->

== Origin == <!--T:2-->

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Throughout history, Siesta has been a very common sleeping pattern in Spain and many other countries around the world. However, it is most likely that humans naturally sleep in the non-reducing form of these schedules, meaning there is little to no sleep reduction involved, and with more flexible sleep timings.

Throughout history, Siesta has been a very common sleeping pattern in Spain and many other countries around the world. However, it is most likely that humans naturally sleep in the non-reducing form of these schedules, meaning there is little to no sleep reduction involved, and with more flexible sleep timings.

== Mechanism == <!--T:4-->

== Mechanism == <!--T:4-->

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However, unlike most standard scheduling where a core sleep would make use of a multiple of the 90m sleep cycle, the standard reducing Siesta (6.5h total) utilizes a 5h core, because last 30  is likely to contain extra REM sleep. Based on the typical human sleep structure, it is expected that SWS would be almost, if not fully covered in the first 3 full cycles of sleep (4.5h). On [[Special:MyLanguage/monophasic|monophasic]] sleep, the REM cycles are often longer than 90m, so the 30m may also help with waking up after completed sleep cycles.

However, unlike most standard scheduling where a core sleep would make use of a multiple of the 90m sleep cycle, the standard reducing Siesta (6.5h total) utilizes a 5h core, because last 30  is likely to contain extra REM sleep. Based on the typical human sleep structure, it is expected that SWS would be almost, if not fully covered in the first 3 full cycles of sleep (4.5h). On [[Special:MyLanguage/monophasic|monophasic]] sleep, the REM cycles are often longer than 90m, so the 30m may also help with waking up after completed sleep cycles.

== Adaptation== <!--T:7-->

== Adaptation== <!--T:7-->

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It is likely that during parts of adaptation, waking up from the core could be difficult because of '''SWS wakes''' (SWS repartitioning in progress) or '''REM wakes'''. Over time, waking up will become refreshing. The daytime core is usually reported to be less challenging to manage. However, for those unaccustomed to sleeping this long in the day, it could require learning and adjustment.

It is likely that during parts of adaptation, waking up from the core could be difficult because of '''SWS wakes''' (SWS repartitioning in progress) or '''REM wakes'''. Over time, waking up will become refreshing. The daytime core is usually reported to be less challenging to manage. However, for those unaccustomed to sleeping this long in the day, it could require learning and adjustment.

== Difficulty == <!--T:9-->

== Difficulty == <!--T:9-->

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Over the years, Siesta has reported great success, with the majority being with the non-reduced version. However, the standard reducing version has less success, due to the need of an adaptation to reduced sleep. Overall, the adaptation is relatively mild. It could be easier than E1 in some cases. With good time management and a functional alarm setup, most individuals should be able to adapt to the reducing Siesta version.

Over the years, Siesta has reported great success, with the majority being with the non-reduced version. However, the standard reducing version has less success, due to the need of an adaptation to reduced sleep. Overall, the adaptation is relatively mild. It could be easier than E1 in some cases. With good time management and a functional alarm setup, most individuals should be able to adapt to the reducing Siesta version.

== Lifestyle considerations == <!--T:11-->

== Lifestyle considerations == <!--T:11-->

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On another note, Siesta-like sleep patterns is also known to be an adaptation of humans to diseases<ref>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26193476/</ref> (including chronic infectious diseases). Humans generally sleep more when severely sick, and often in a way resembling extended variants of Siesta, where both core sleeps are much longer than usual to allow for cognitive and physical recovery from sickness.  

On another note, Siesta-like sleep patterns is also known to be an adaptation of humans to diseases<ref>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26193476/</ref> (including chronic infectious diseases). Humans generally sleep more when severely sick, and often in a way resembling extended variants of Siesta, where both core sleeps are much longer than usual to allow for cognitive and physical recovery from sickness.  

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Over the years, many Siesta sleepers have adapted to non-standard variants, including alternative reducing ones. The timing of the core sleeps also reported mixed results. Beginners should also look through the differences in the alternate scheduling variations before choosing the desired one to attempt.

Over the years, many Siesta sleepers have adapted to non-standard variants, including alternative reducing ones. The timing of the core sleeps also reported mixed results. Beginners should also look through the differences in the alternate scheduling variations before choosing the desired one to attempt.

=== Late core === <!--T:17-->

=== Late core === <!--T:17-->

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Despite the advantages, adaptations to this variant are known to be harder than the default version, because shifting the main sleep away from the SWS peak will require management of food, exercise and lighting to ensure a sufficient amount of SWS. (See also: [[Special:MyLanguage/dark period|dark period]]) Those with lower SWS requirements will likely find this easier. The short core is pushed much later into the afternoon and early evening. This core may start as late as 19:30. Even so, however, it may be still be socially intrusive.

Despite the advantages, adaptations to this variant are known to be harder than the default version, because shifting the main sleep away from the SWS peak will require management of food, exercise and lighting to ensure a sufficient amount of SWS. (See also: [[Special:MyLanguage/dark period|dark period]]) Those with lower SWS requirements will likely find this easier. The short core is pushed much later into the afternoon and early evening. This core may start as late as 19:30. Even so, however, it may be still be socially intrusive.

=== Slightly modified core length === <!--T:20-->

=== Slightly modified core length === <!--T:20-->

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The second Siesta variant with a 4.5h night core would line up with the 90m cycle scheduling rule. However, so far it has reported much less success than the standard version. People with slightly lower monophasic requirements (e.g, 7h) might be able to adapt to this variant. Note that after adapting to the default Siesta version, the night core may sometimes naturally shorten to 4.5h, but it does not happen very often.  

The second Siesta variant with a 4.5h night core would line up with the 90m cycle scheduling rule. However, so far it has reported much less success than the standard version. People with slightly lower monophasic requirements (e.g, 7h) might be able to adapt to this variant. Note that after adapting to the default Siesta version, the night core may sometimes naturally shorten to 4.5h, but it does not happen very often.  

=== Night core extension === <!--T:23-->

=== Night core extension === <!--T:23-->

[[File:Siesta-extended 1.png|right|thumb|Siesta with extended night core]]

[[File:Siesta-extended 1.png|right|thumb|Siesta with extended night core]]

This variant also sees a lot of success, mostly in people with active lifestyles or are still growing. The adaptation is far easier than the default one, and the extended night core follows the 90m cycle rule. This still gives some sleep reduction for people with high monophasic needs. The most common form of scheduling this setup is to have a slightly longer core at night and keep the daytime core as it is. However, the night core can still be extended further, and the schedule becomes non-reducing (i.e. no sleep reduction from monophasic). An example would be a 6.5-7h night core, and a 90m daytime sleep for an individual with ~8-9h monophasic baseline. For those with a monophasic baseline similar to the total on this variant, it can be substantially more flexible, even during adaptation.

This variant also sees a lot of success, mostly in people with active lifestyles or are still growing. The adaptation is far easier than the default one, and the extended night core follows the 90m cycle rule. This still gives some sleep reduction for people with high monophasic needs. The most common form of scheduling this setup is to have a slightly longer core at night and keep the daytime core as it is. However, the night core can still be extended further, and the schedule becomes non-reducing (i.e. no sleep reduction from monophasic). An example would be a 6.5-7h night core, and a 90m daytime sleep for an individual with ~8-9h monophasic baseline. For those with a monophasic baseline similar to the total on this variant, it can be substantially more flexible, even during adaptation.

=== Day core extension === <!--T:25-->

=== Day core extension === <!--T:25-->

[[File:Siesta-extended 2.png|right|thumb|Siesta with extended day core]]

[[File:Siesta-extended 2.png|right|thumb|Siesta with extended day core]]

This variant, which resembles [[Special:MyLanguage/Segmented|Segmented]], has also seen some success. This is often done by those who work evening shifts. In this setup, the [[Special:MyLanguage/dark period|dark period]] should start 1.5-3h before the night core, and continue until ~1.5-2h after the night core to stabilize the circadian rhythm. This setup might require additional [[Special:MyLanguage/circadian management|circadian management]] to keep the circadian rhythm stable, as the longer daytime core may cause the body to mistaken it for a nighttime sleep.

This variant, which resembles [[Special:MyLanguage/Segmented|Segmented]], has also seen some success. This is often done by those who work evening shifts. In this setup, the [[Special:MyLanguage/dark period|dark period]] should start 1.5-3h before the night core, and continue until ~1.5-2h after the night core to stabilize the circadian rhythm. This setup might require additional [[Special:MyLanguage/circadian management|circadian management]] to keep the circadian rhythm stable, as the longer daytime core may cause the body to mistaken it for a nighttime sleep.

==References== <!--T:27-->

==References== <!--T:27-->