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Caffeine is the most widespread psychoactive drug in the world <ref>Burchfield G (1997). Hopes M (ed.). [https://web.archive.org/web/20090726194701/http://www.abc.net.au/quantum/poison/caffeine/caffeine.htm "What's your poison: caffeine".] Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the [http://www.abc.net.au/quantum/poison/caffeine/caffeine.htm original] on 26 July 2009. Retrieved 15 January 2014.</ref> and is contained in large quantities in coffee and, in lower concentration, in other beverages that are regularly consumed to temporally ward of drowsiness or increase mental performance.

Caffeine is the most widespread psychoactive drug in the world <ref>Burchfield G (1997). Hopes M (ed.). [https://web.archive.org/web/20090726194701/http://www.abc.net.au/quantum/poison/caffeine/caffeine.htm "What's your poison: caffeine".] Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the [http://www.abc.net.au/quantum/poison/caffeine/caffeine.htm original] on 26 July 2009. Retrieved 15 January 2014.</ref> and is contained in large quantities in coffee and, in lower concentration, in other beverages that are regularly consumed to temporally ward of drowsiness or increase mental performance.

The main mechanism <ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2769007/</ref> at work with caffeine to achieve the alleviation of drowsiness is by blocking adenosine receptors in the brain, due to a similar chemical structure as adenosine<ref>The main effect of caffeine can be attributed to its antagonistic effect on the adenosine receptors (ARs). </ref>, that are a part of the sleep regulation mechanism.

The main mechanism <ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2769007/</ref> at work with caffeine to achieve the alleviation of drowsiness is by blocking adenosine receptors in the brain, due to a similar chemical structure as adenosine<ref>"The structure of caffeine is very similar to adenosine, which allows it to bind to (all) the A1, A2a, A2b, and A3 ARs."[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278584618301726 Julius Schuster,Ellen in Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological PsychiatryS.Mitchell]  </ref>, that are a part of the sleep regulation mechanism.

While caffeine both does induce a number of scientifically validated positive and negative effects on humans for a short time after consumption, withdrawal symptoms are possible in the case of caffeine dependence and are recognized by the ICD-11 and DSM-5.

While caffeine both does induce a number of scientifically validated positive and negative effects on humans for a short time after consumption, withdrawal symptoms are possible in the case of caffeine dependence and are recognized by the ICD-11 and DSM-5.