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It was originally thought that the nap on E1 should primarily contain REM to ensure a successful adaptation. However, according to the Polyphasic Survey 2018<ref name="polysurvey" />, only 50% of adapted E1 sleepers managed to get REM in their nap. This shows that the afternoon nap is not guaranteed to deliver REM sleep. Based on the data above, it still seems possible to complete the adaptation to E1 with no REM in the nap. This is likely a result of those adaptees covering their REM need by their core, leaving their nap as just wakefulness sustainment.

It was originally thought that the nap on E1 should primarily contain [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_eye_movement_sleep REM] to ensure a successful adaptation. However, according to the Polyphasic Survey 2018<ref name="polysurvey" />, only 50% of adapted E1 sleepers managed to get REM in their nap. This shows that the afternoon nap is not guaranteed to deliver REM sleep. Based on the data above, it still seems possible to complete the adaptation to E1 with no REM in the nap. This is likely a result of those adaptees covering their REM need by their core, leaving their nap as just wakefulness sustainment.

==Adaptation== <!--T:7-->

==Adaptation== <!--T:7-->

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Another common issue is the rather common [[Special:MyLanguage/stage 3/4 loop|stage 3/4 loop]] for beginners. This typically happens when a sleeper cannot complete the adaptation and get stuck in [[Special:MyLanguage/4-Stages Adaptation Model#Stage 4|Stage 4]] where, near the end of adaptation, the sleeper feels inconsistently adapted, excessively tired at certain times of the day, or [[Special:MyLanguage/sleep inertia|sleep inertia]] upon wakes. Because E1 likely has sufficient total sleep to gain all the needed SWS, being trapped in Stage 4 may be due to a slight REM deficit. A potential method to address this issue has been proposed, covered in [[Special:MyLanguage/#slightly-modified core length|6.5h core variant]] section.

Another common issue is the rather common [[Special:MyLanguage/stage 3/4 loop|stage 3/4 loop]] for beginners. This typically happens when a sleeper cannot complete the adaptation and get stuck in [[Special:MyLanguage/4-Stages Adaptation Model#Stage 4|Stage 4]] where, near the end of adaptation, the sleeper feels inconsistently adapted, excessively tired at certain times of the day, or [[Special:MyLanguage/sleep inertia|sleep inertia]] upon wakes. Because E1 likely has sufficient total sleep to gain all the needed [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slow-wave_sleep SWS], being trapped in Stage 4 may be due to a slight REM deficit. A potential method to address this issue has been proposed, covered in [[Special:MyLanguage/#slightly-modified core length|6.5h core variant]] section.

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[[File:E1 late nap 2.png|right|thumb|E1 with a nap after work]]

[[File:E1 late nap 2.png|right|thumb|E1 with a nap after work]]

For 9-to-5 occupations that do not allow any naps during lunch breaks, it is possible to schedule this E1 variant with a nap after work (~4-5 PM) and a core around midnight or slightly later, with a dark period 2h before the core. However, there has been less success with this E1 variant, because the late nap has a low chance to contain REM sleep, being in late afternoon and closer to SWS peak. This can make adaptation harder than the default variant. The long wake gap before the nap can cause bouts of tiredness during adaptation.  

For 9-to-5 occupations that do not allow any naps during lunch breaks, it is possible to schedule this E1 variant with a nap after work (~4-5 PM) and a core around midnight or slightly later, with a dark period 2h before the core. However, there has been less success with this E1 variant, because the late nap has a low chance to contain REM sleep, being in late afternoon and closer to [[SWS peak]]. This can make adaptation harder than the default variant. The long wake gap before the nap can cause bouts of tiredness during adaptation.  

===Late core=== <!--T:23-->

===Late core=== <!--T:23-->

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[[File:E1 late core 2.png|right|thumb|E1 with a late core]]

[[File:E1 late core 2.png|right|thumb|E1 with a late core]]

Another viable alternate variant with some success is a late core. Sleepers with less SWS requirement and somewhat higher REM requirement may benefit from this scheduling, as some hours of the core now lie in REM peak, which will boost the amount of REM gained during these morning hours. Night owls or those who prefer some social time in the evening may also benefit from this variant. The nap can be placed ~6-7h after the core like in the default variant, or later, but should not be too late into the day (6 PM or later).  

Another viable alternate variant with some success is a late core. Sleepers with less SWS requirement and somewhat higher REM requirement may benefit from this scheduling, as some hours of the core now lie in [[REM peak]], which will boost the amount of REM gained during these morning hours. Night owls or those who prefer some social time in the evening may also benefit from this variant. The nap can be placed ~6-7h after the core like in the default variant, or later, but should not be too late into the day (6 PM or later).  

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